Articles & References
Articles and references involving substance use (including opioids) and intersection with child abuse and neglect prevention:
Administration for Children & Families: Rising to the Opioid Challenge - At the Office of Family Assistance (OFA), we know that opiate use can also cause barriers to family economic security, and we’re trying to help our partners in the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) program assist families in overcoming those issues.
https://www.acf.hhs.gov/blog/2018/03/rising-to-the-opioid-challenge
American Psychological Association: Young Victims of the Opioid Crisis - More children are being sent to foster care due to a parent's opioid misuse. Psychologists are ramping up efforts to help.
https://www.apa.org/monitor/2018/01/opioid-crisis
American Society of Addiction Medicine: Opioid Addiction Treatment A Guide for Patients, Families and Friends – Addiction is a worldwide problem that affects many different people, their families, and communities. Addiction is a chronic disease, like diabetes or heart disease, meaning there is no cure. But addiction can be managed, and people with addiction can, and do, recover.
Treatment using safe and helpful methods provided by trained clinicians can lead to a healthy, positive way of life. This healthy way of life is referred to as recovery. Treatment with a medication along with counseling and other support is often the most effective choice for opioid addiction and part of recovery.
This document provides facts about treatment from The American Society of Addiction Medicine (ASAM) - the leading medical society for addiction treatment. Learn more about ASAM at www.ASAM.org.
https://www.asam.org/docs/default-source/publications/asam-opioid-patient-piece_-5bopt2-5d_3d.pdf
American Society of Addiction Medicine: Opioid Addiction 2016 Facts and Figures
https://www.asam.org/docs/default-source/advocacy/opioid-addiction-disease-facts-figures.pdf
California Health Care Foundation: Opioid-Dependent Newborns Get New Treatment: Mom Instead of Morphine - Experts in Humboldt County changed the way they treat newborns dependent on opioids. The babies spend less time in the neonatal unit and receive less medication.
https://www.chcf.org/blog/opioid-dependent-newborns-get-new-treatment/
California Law – Welfare and Institution Code for Child Abuse Prevention Councils
California Office of Child Abuse Prevention (OCAP) –
Strategic Plan 2015 – 2020
http://www.cdss.ca.gov/ocap/res/pdf/Strategic_Plan_2015-2020.pdf
Strategic Plan 2020 – 2025
Campaign for Trauma-Informed Policy and Practice: Trauma-informed Approaches Need to be Part of a Comprehensive Strategy for Addressing the Opioid Epidemic - This policy brief reviews the evidence linking trauma and adverse childhood experiences to opioid addiction. It also provides examples of effective prevention and treatment programs, and describes innovative approaches being used by communities to address the current epidemic. The argument is made that efforts to address the opioid crisis will be effective only if we acknowledge the roots of addiction and make investments in proven and promising prevention and treatment strategies.
https://publichealth.gwu.edu/sites/default/files/downloads/Redstone-Center/CTIPP_OPB_final.pdf
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Vital Signs: Opioid Overdoses Treated in Emergency Departments - Emergency department (ED) visits for opioid* overdoses rose 30% in all parts of the US from July 2016 through September 2017. People who have had an overdose are more likely to have another, so being seen in the ED is an opportunity for action. Repeat overdoses may be prevented with medication-assisted treatment (MAT) for opioid use disorder (OUD), which is defined as a problematic pattern of opioid use.
https://www.cdc.gov/vitalsigns/pdf/2018-03-vitalsigns.pdf
Child Trends: 5 things to know about the opioid epidemic and its effect on children - Opioids are highly addictive drugs, available in illegal forms like heroin, or legal ones like oxycodone, hydrocodone, or morphine, which are available through a prescription. A drastic increase in the abuse of prescription opioids has gained national attention on multiple fronts, and for good reason. This is what you need to know about the epidemic and how it affects children.
Child Trends: White youth are more likely to receive treatment for drug abuse than youth of color, although treatment is rare for both groups - Only a small percentage of youth who report pain reliever (including opioid) abuse or dependence receive addiction treatment, and youth of color are significantly less likely to receive treatment than their white peers. According to Child Trends’ analysis of the National Survey on Drug Use and Health, this gap between white youth and youth of color age 21 and under has persisted almost every year since 2002, when opioid prescription deaths began to rise.
Child Welfare Information Gateway: Parental Substance Use: A Primer for Child Welfare Professionals – The effect of substance use disorders (SUDs) on parenting and child safety is a common reason families come into contact with the child welfare system. Child welfare professionals can play a critical role in helping identify possible SUDs and supporting families in overcoming barriers to safety and permanency related to substance use.
https://www.childwelfare.gov/pubPDFs/parentalsubuse.pdf
Connecticut Clearinghouse: The Relationship Between Parental Alcohol or Other Drug Problems & Child Maltreatment - The relationship between parental alcohol or other drug problems and child maltreatment is becoming increasingly evident. The risk to the child increases in a single parent household where there is no supporting adult to diffuse parental stress and protect the child from the effects of the parent’s problem. The following is a summary of what is known by the National Committee to Prevent Child Abuse.
http://www.ctclearinghouse.org/customer-content/www/topics/substancechildabuse040799.pdf
Council For A Strong America: Caring For Young Victims of the Opioid Crisis - High-quality early care and education programs, including home visiting, child care, Head Start, and preschool, offer a powerful approach to helping children impacted by the opioid crisis. By investing in these programs, policymakers can help ensure these children are able to avoid crime, raise families of their own, and contribute to the workforce, including serving in the military if they choose.
https://strongnation.s3.amazonaws.com/documents/422/99d1d768-8bc5-4c87-a4e1-dc14b6e58465.pdf
House Resolution 443 –
Recognizing the Importance and Effectiveness of Trauma-Informed Care
https://www.congress.gov/bill/115th-congress/house-resolution/443/text
Institute For Healthcare Policy & Innovation, University of Michigan: Poll: Many Parents Keep Prescription Opioids at Home - Nearly half of parents whose child had leftover pain medication from a surgery or illness say they kept the prescription opioids at home — representing a potential problem down the line.
https://ihpi.umich.edu/news/poll-many-parents-keep-prescription-opioids-home
Narconon: Why NOW is the Most Dangerous time in History to be Addicted to Opioids - On December 13, 2017, the Institute of Justice presented updated information to forensic specialists around the country in a webinar titled Collaboration in the Fight Against Fentanyl. At this time, a collaboration between all the agencies and organizations fighting drug abuse is essential because of the skyrocketing number of deaths from this drug.
Psychology Today: Harvard Study Pegs How Parental Substance Abuse Impacts Kids - New research identifies ways to break the multigenerational cycle of addiction.
Safe Kids Worldwide: Safe Medicine Storage - Every 12 days, a child under age six in the United States dies from an accidental medicine-related poisoning. Every hour, a child is hospitalized for that same reason, and every nine minutes, a child goes to the emergency room. While the number of ER visits has decreased since an alarming peak in 2010, far too many children are still in danger because they get into medicine when their caregiver is not looking, underling the need for ongoing education and awareness building.
https://www.safekids.org/research-report/safe-medicine-storage
Science Direct, Children and Youth Services Review: Association of Childhood Abuse and Neglect with Prescription Opioid Misuse - Previous research has demonstrated an association between childhood abuse and neglect and prescription opioid misuse in adulthood. However, potential mechanisms underlying this association remain unclear. Based on the self-medication hypothesis and the existing research literature, we hypothesized that pain and depressive symptoms would mediate this association.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0190740917309969?via=ihub
Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration: A Collaborative Approach to the Treatment of Pregnant Women with Opioid Use Disorders -This guidance publication is intended to support the efforts of states, tribes, and local communities in addressing the needs of pregnant women with opioid use disorders and their infants and families.
https://store.samhsa.gov/sites/default/files/d7/priv/sma16-4978.pdf
Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration: Clinical Guidance for Treating Pregnant and Parenting Women with Opioid Use Disorder and Their Infants - This Clinical Guide provides comprehensive, national guidance for optimal management of pregnant and parenting women with opioid use disorder and their infants. The Clinical Guide helps healthcare professionals and patients determine the most clinically appropriate action for a particular situation and informs individualized treatment decisions.
https://store.samhsa.gov/sites/default/files/d7/priv/sma18-5054.pdf
Trauma and ACEs missing in response to the opioid crisis - Successful strategies to attack the opioid epidemic must recognize the powerful correlation between ACEs and substance abuse.
United States Drug Enforcement Administration: DEA Issues Public Safety Alert on Sharp Increase in Fake Prescription Pills Containing Fentanyl and Meth - DEA Warns that International and Domestic Criminal Drug Networks are Flooding the United States with Lethal Counterfeit Pills
https://www.dea.gov/press-releases/2021/09/27/dea-issues-public-safety-alert
